There are regulatory standards that are required to be followed by organizations that use cloud solutions. To make the cloud a legal, secure, and ethical environment, organizations are required to implement security measures. This whole process is called cloud compliance. Cloud compliance helps in improving the overall security of an organization’s assets and data by preventing data breaches. It helps provide customers with reliable cloud service, which helps gain customers’ trust. Addressing cloud compliance challenges can help organizations save money by avoiding unnecessary security policies, pitfalls, and poor implementations.
This blog will help you understand the different cloud compliance challenges and standards associated with them. It will also explore the best practices for implementing cloud compliance for your cloud.
Common Cloud Compliance Standards and Regulations
There are some cloud compliance standards that should be followed by organizations to be compliant with regulatory bodies. Some of the most common standards are as follows:
#1. GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation)
Organizations that store and process the personal data of EU residents need to follow data protection laws known as GDPR. These rules should be followed even if the organization itself is not based out of the EU. There is a set of requirements stated by GDPR to address cloud compliance challenges:
- Organizations must obtain explicit consent from the user to collect and process their data.
- Since organizations will be processing sensitive data, they should implement data protection standards for security.
- Data should be portable and should be able to get deleted if requested by the governing body or the user itself.
- In order to follow all security rules and implementation, some organizations might also require a Data Protection officer to be appointed.
- If there is any data breach because of security issues, it should not be kept hidden and should be reported in under 72 hours.
#2. HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)
Organizations that store sensitive patient health information need to follow HIPAA as per U.S. regulations to prevent cloud compliance challenges. This act imposes the following requirements to be followed:
- Access control should be in place to avoid unauthorized access to data for misuse, and all the data that is stored should be encrypted.
- Regular risk assessments should be conducted in order to avoid any data breaches.
- Proper logging should be implemented. In case of any mishappening, there should be a proper trail of logs on who accessed and modified the data.
- If there is electronic protected health information(ePHI), organizations should make sure that it is properly disposed of.
- To be certain that the cloud service provider follows the regulations, organizations can create associate agreements.
#3. PCI DSS (Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard)
To secure the credit card data, PCI DSS security standards should be followed. Some of the main criteria of this standard are as follows:
- During the transit and storage state of cardholder data, it should always be encrypted
- Access control mechanisms should be in place to prevent unauthorized access to user credit card data.
- Regular assessment of security systems and processes should be done to avoid any mishappening.
- There should be a vulnerability management program in place to identify and resolve vulnerabilities in time.
- Cloud providers that handle payment card data should undergo regular PCI DSS assessments and create detailed documentation of how they follow compliance rules for their clients.
#4. ISO 27001 (International Organization for Standardization 27001)
ISO 27001 is an international standard for information security management systems (ISMS). It provides a framework for organizations that helps them identify information security risks, cloud compliance challenges, and select appropriate security controls. It also states that continuous monitoring and improvement of the ISMS should be followed.
#5. SOC 2 (Service Organization Control 2)
SOC 2 is an auditing procedure developed by the American Institute of CPAs (AICPA) that ensures service providers securely manage data to protect the interests of their organization and the privacy of their clients. SOC 2 defines criteria for managing customer data based on five trust service principles, which are security, availability, processing integrity, confidentiality, and privacy.
Different Cloud Compliance Challenges
As a number of businesses adopting cloud technologies grows, they encounter different cloud compliance challenges. Let’s discuss some of these cloud compliance challenges below:
#1. Data Management Challenges
There are a range of cloud compliance challenges that are relevant to managing data in the cloud. First and most apparent is data classification, which means that every company must be sure about what sort of data it possesses and, therefore, must be handled a specific way.
However, this kind of data is not always static, and it changes over time, which poses a range of issues for the company. Keeping data when it is needed and deleting it when it is not any longer is also increasingly difficult as a company is storing more and more data in a highly distributed form in the cloud, with possibly multiple copies of the data in question residing in different locations and with different providers.
#2. Security Challenges
Cloud compliance challenges related to security are most the difficult when trying to deal with technology implementation. Organizations need to make sure that their most important component, which is data, is encrypted in both stages, one being at rest and the other being in transit. Cloud systems are very complex, and encryption becomes a challenging task. The same kind of problem occurs with the management of identity and access control for multiple services.
Network security introduces another range of cloud compliance challenges for cloud companies. The complexity arises from a constant need to adjust to new security threats. Moreover, although the need for a secure configuration of cloud systems is high, these systems are very dynamic. Also, network solutions used in the cloud are very complex and require a profound knowledge of cloud systems, cloud compliance challenges,and best security practices by cloud engineers.
#3. Compliance Monitoring and Reporting Challenges
Achieving consistent compliance in dynamically changing cloud environments presents major problems in terms of monitoring and reporting. It requires special tools and practices. First, generating comprehensive audit trails and reports to meet regulatory needs can be difficult because the cloud presents a vast, changing operational environment.
Meanwhile, ensuring that all cloud resources are monitored and that compliance is in place requires proper monitoring and managing tools. At the same time, the amount and speed of log data generated in the cloud require effective ways of analyzing and storing such data. The tools and monitoring abilities provided by the cloud service provider should be modified and adjusted to ensure compliance with the specifics of an organization’s operations and subsequent monitoring needs.
#4. Shared Responsibility Model Challenges
The shared responsibility model in cloud computing adds cloud compliance challenges.The clarity of division of responsibility between the cloud provider and the customer is vital but not always easy to establish, especially when using a multi-cloud or hybrid model. Once it is established on what ends one’s responsibility and that of the cloud provider, the customer is responsible for the appropriate implementation and configuration of the cloud computing services, relying both on a deep understanding of particular cloud solutions and knowledge about the compliance requirements.
#5. Multi-Cloud and Hybrid Environment Challenges
Management of compliance across multiple cloud providers or within the hybrid cloud imposes additional complications on compliance. When data has to be transferred between different clouds and on-premises, it adds an additional aspect to the compliance problem, which is data protection. Differences between different cloud providers in their compliance capabilities and certifications should be accounted for when selecting the appropriate measures for compliance.
While the implementation of unified identity and access management could be extremely complicated, from the organizational point of view, it is an ultimate requirement. Since different tools are used to provide and measure compliance across different cloud platforms and on-premises, it is important to have complex management and business analytics tools that could provide a comprehensive view of the situation.
#6. Data Sovereignty and Localization Challenges
Data Sovereignty requirements are one of the cloud compliance challenges that might interrupt the implementation of cloud security solutions. The major issue that the cloud provider faces is when the processed data is required to be stored in compliance with local laws, but it becomes difficult for global companies that operate and store data in different countries. If, in any case, data needs to be transferred between these countries, it becomes difficult to manage it.
There are specific laws and requirements on data residency that need to be handled by the organization itself with its technical solution. There are many differences between data protection laws in different countries which may lead to differing cloud compliance challenges. Thus, if a global cloud is used, it is much better to contract with regional cloud providers for better performance.
#7. Vendor Lock-in and Interoperability Challenges
One of the major cloud compliance challenges and risks is the dependency on particular cloud providers. Data should be portable between different providers to ensure greater flexibility, yet making this happen on a technical level is difficult. Another related issue is managing compliance when migrating to a different provider or trying to use different providers and ensuring that it doesn’t disrupt the efforts.
Documenting and storing evidence of compliance across changes is also extremely challenging, yet necessary to ensure proof in case of audits. Also, compliance efforts are at the mercy of particular cloud providers’ technologies, some of which are proprietary and cannot be relied upon for compliance. All of the above circumstances must be considered when selecting cloud technologies to ensure that they do not cause permanent compliance-related issues.
#8. Regulatory Change Management Challenges
Cloud compliance challenges are always a matter of ongoing trouble. For starters, a developer running a cloud must find a way to keep pace with the changing standards of compliance as well as regulations. Also, it is necessary to deploy the necessary resources and be ready to monitor these changes at all times. Large and complex systems might be difficult to change in a short time span.
Regulatory changes can require one to make significant changes to existing deployments. It may be a struggle to ensure that the changes are made promptly so these measures do not disrupt current operations. Another issue has to do with the allocation of resources. Making changes to cloud compliance measures is not always a top priority, and a responsible party must decide if there will be enough resources to manage two processes at the same time.
#9. Third-Party Risk Management Challenges
Managing cloud compliance challenges related to third-party risks complicates the entire estate management. To begin with, evaluating the compliance status of cloud service providers and their subprocessors is challenging. Those responsible for cloud compliance need to conduct high-quality and regular due diligence.
Additionally, specialized tools should be used to check the status of third parties and cloud service subcontractors. Often, ensuring that the services of third parties are compliant with the requirements of the organization might require a highly detailed contractual agreement and a slew of regular checks and audits.
#10. Incident Response and Breach Notification Challenges
Cloud compliance challenges involve preparing for and managing security incidents. In cloud environments, incident response plans for systems have to be developed and tested, taking into account that resources are distributed and may be subject to limitations in terms of access, control, and management. It may be complicated to comply with breach notification rules across jurisdictions when operations occur on a global scale, or customer data belongs to citizens and organizations from multiple countries.
Incident response plans must allow for interaction with cloud providers, the terms for which need to be predefined in the contracts. Also, constraints may arise with respect to maintaining forensic capabilities in cloud environments due to a lack of access to the infrastructure on which cloud platforms run.
Best Practices for Achieving and Maintaining Cloud Compliance
Organizations can follow best practices to achieve cloud compliance, some of them are as follows:
1. Regular Risk Assessments
Compliance with the cloud must be a comprehensive and ongoing process. The risk assessment should be scheduled at least once a year, and it may be reasonable to conduct them more frequently if the environment or regulatory framework in the cloud is changed significantly.
2. Employee Training and Awareness
An educated workforce is a key element of cloud compliance. There should be a solid training and awareness program that covers all aspects of the staff’s expectations. It should also address common cloud compliance challenges and risks associated with security implementation.
3. Incident Response Planning
Compliance requires effective incident response planning. In case of occurrence of any security incident, incident response planning comes in handy. It helps organizations respond effectively and quickly to the response incident.
4. Continuous Improvement and Adaptation
Continuous improvement and adoption are requirements for solving cloud compliance challenges. For effective compliance, the organization should have a compliance management system in place that enhances continuous evaluation and monitoring of compliance levels.
Why SentinelOne for Cloud Compliance?
Singularity™ Cloud Security from SentinelOne is the world’s most trusted solution for solving cloud compliance challenges and security risks. It is a comprehensive and integrated enterprise-level CNAPP that is cost-effective, flexible, and resilient. SentinelOne’s CNAPP offers unified controls, hyper-automation, world-class threat intelligence, and real-time response.
It offers several key features such as:
- Agentless deployments, Cloud Security Posture Management (CSPM), graph-based inventory
- Real-time AI-powered cloud workload protection (CWPP)
- Full forensic telemetry and RemoteOps
- Pre-built and customizable threat detection libraries
- Cloud Infrastructure Entitlement Management (CIEM), AI Security Posture Management (AI-SPM), External Attack Surface & Management (EASM), vulnerability management, Infrastructure-as-Code (IaC) Scanning, Singularity™ XDR, and Container and Kubernetes Security Posture Management
- CI/CD pipeline and Snyk integrations, 1000+ out-of-the-box rules, and Secret Scanning
- Runtime scanning, 1-click automated remediation, and machine-speed malware analysis
- Shift-left container registry scanning
- eBPF architecture, Offensive Security Engine™, patented Storyline™ technology, and Verified Exploit Paths™
- Purple AI, Binary Vault, and Singularity™ Data Lake
Conclusion
Cloud compliance is currently one of the primary concerns for organizations of all sizes in the face of the rapid development of technology and the need for a proactive approach to managing data and assets. At the same time, the pursuit and control of compliance in cloud environments are associated with numerous complexities, spanning from efficient data management and security implementation to multi-cloud approaches and changing regulations.
Risk assessments are very important for organizations to maintain their security as well as manage cloud compliance challenges. It helps them stay compliant. In order for the organization to make compliance a part of its supply chain, the organization should train the employees and let them know their responsibilities. There should be a stage of incident response planning and improvement, which will help the organization to be prepared for worst-case scenarios, and compliance will not become a burden for them at the last moments. Organizations should view cloud compliance as an initiative toward safe and better innovations and a step towards resolving cloud compliance challenges that may pose risks later if not timely addressed.
FAQs
1. What is cloud compliance?
Cloud compliance is the process that refers to the adherence to the regulatory standards of cloud-based systems, applications, and infrastructures in terms of industry guidelines and security protocols. Cloud compliance has to be implemented in the practices, policies, and controls that organizations apply to ensure their cloud environments are aligned with existing legal, ethical, and security demands.
2. What are top cloud compliance issues?
The top cloud compliance issues revolve around data privacy and protection, the effectiveness of implementing security in the cloud, challenges of the shared responsibility model, data sovereignty and localization, monitoring compliance, and reporting for the demand for proof.
3. How do we mitigate cloud compliance challenges?
To solve common cloud compliance challenges or identify them, first and foremost, start with a cloud risk assessment. It is important to remember that the cloud, as well as the infrastructure and PaaS services, is likely to undergo changes. Therefore, staff should be prepared carefully for these changes. Other than this, organizations should implement strong governance practices.
4. How does SentinelOne help to be compliant?
SentinelOne helps the company be compliant by aligning its endpoint protection and response solutions with most of the compliance requirements. SentinelOne offers next-gen AI-powered solutions that provide real-time detection, automatic response, and detailed forensics in order to comply with GDPR, HIPAA, and PCI DSS standards.